Athletics of To-Day 1929

------ ~- 216 Athletics of To-day his right arm and both legs preserve the illusion that he is "running" ; his left hand is getting position to aid the leg shoot that completes the air phase of the jump. In the next movement the right knee will come up to the level of the left, and the arms will be swung down as the feet are thrust as far and as strongly forward as possible. The ability to master these last two phases of the action will add from nine to eighteen inches on to the total measurement of the jump. All the (I about to land" action is well shown in No. 4, Plate 29, a picture of Ham breaking British record. The heels now take the sand as shown in the accompanying sketch A (Fig. rg), and, to prevent himself from sitting down backwards the jumper must force the body down over his thighs as shown in B (Fig. rg). Notice particularly how the legs are "breaking" at the knees. In the next movement, shown in C (Fig. rg) the arms are being swung from rear to front to help to lift the body forward, so that the athlete, who has landed first on his heels, will transfer his weight on to his hands and knees. If a man shoots, or rolls over, forward on landing, it is a sure sign that he is using up, wastefully, on the ground, the remains of the energy generated by the run and t ake-off impulse, which he should have expended in his passage through the air. TRAINING The long jumper's training divides itself, properly, into two parts (r) getting speed, and (2) getting jumping technique. It is quite sufficient to practise long jumping every other day, with a rest on Friday and Sunday; the other intermediate days should be devoted to sprinting. Each day, however, there should be practised skipping, leg swinging, high-kicking, hopping on take-off foot, heel and toe lifting exercises, and exercises for the calves and ankles, and esp cially exercises for the muscles of the abdomen, back, and shoulders, and body building and stretching exercises. Notice in Picture No. 4, Plate 28, V. B. V. Powell's splendidly developed legs, and in